Novos Baianos (English: New Bahians) were a Brazilian rock and MPB group founded in Salvador, Bahia in 1969. The group was active between 1969 and 1979, enjoying success throughout the 1970s. The group had reunions in 1997, 2015 and 2020. Together, the group recorded eight full-length studio albums, as well as two live albums.

The group was highly influential on Brazilian popular music and Brazilian rock of the 1970s, combining various musical elements from genres such as samba, bossa nova, frevo, baião, choro, and rock n' roll. The group's music was also heavily influenced by 1970s counterculture and the emerging Tropicália artistic movement.

The group's original line-up consisted of Moraes Moreira (vocals and acoustic guitar), Paulinho Boca de Cantor (vocals), Pepeu Gomes (electric guitar), Baby Consuelo (vocals and percussion), and Luiz Galvão (lyrics).

The group regularly collaborated with A Cor do Som, a sub-group within Novos Baianos, which consisted of Dadi Carvalho (bass), Jorginho Gomes (cavaquinho, drums and percussion), and José "Baixinho" Roberto (drums and percussion). Luís Bolacha (percussion) additionally contributed to the group early in their career.

Novos Baianos is considered one of the most important and revolutionary groups in Brazilian music, primarily as a result of the success and influence of their second studio album, Acabou Chorare.