Dmitri Georgievich Kitayenko (also spelled Dmitrij Kitajenko; born 18 August 1940) is a Soviet and Russian conductor. He was bestowed the title People's Artist of the USSR (1984).

He was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. He studied at Glinka Conservatory, at Leningrad Conservatory and then at Moscow Conservatory with Leo Ginzburg and at Music Academy of Vienna with Hans Swarowsky. He was a prizewinner in the first Herbert von Karajan competition in 1969.

Kitayenko served as principal conductor of the Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Academic Music Theatre (1970–1976). Then he was music director of the Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra for 14 years. He has also held principal conductorships with the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra (1990–1998), the Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra (1990–1996), the American Russian Young Artists Orchestra, the KBS Symphony Orchestra (1999–2004), and the Bern Symphony Orchestra (1990–2004).